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Nevertheless, these stanzas are, strictly speaking, not quatrains, as they have been described by an earlier critic. ‘Sin’ is a defiant description of a passionate liaison of a married woman with her lover, and this liaison is explicit in at least two poems published earlier in (The) Captive, namely Harja’i (Tramp) and Div-e shab (The Demon of Night).Īlmost all the poems in (The) Captive and (The) Wall are written in the form of a number of stanzas, each stanza being of equal length and made up of two distichs or couplets ( beyts). Although ‘Sin’ was first published as the first poem in Farrokhzad’s second collection (The) Wall, it was written in 1954 and really belongs to the poems of the first collection, (The) Captive. Through her first three books, Asir ( Captive), Divar ( Wall) and Esyan (Rebellion), the critic may trace the process of development in the first part of her poetical career, although this does not mean that every poem looks somewhat more mature than those written previously, and this is certainly true of the poem entitled Gonah (Sin). This is evident from the very first poems which she published at the age of 16, however less mature they might look compared with the later poems, including those written before her personal and poetical rebirth. Nevertheless, analysing her published letters, and especially the two long letters to her father, it will be argued that, in spite of the upward journey in both love and poetry, the poet’s longing for deep fulfilment remained frustrated until the very end.įarrokhzad may best be described as a natural poet, a virtually untrained singer whose songs betray an inner familiarity and intimacy with the instruments and devices which make for technically developed lyricism. It is in the later poems, and especially those of the period of Rebirth or Another Birth, that ‘pleasure’ gives way to acceptance, and ‘sin’, to real self-assertion and self-confidence.
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It is apparently a defiant declaration of feminist independence, but a closer examination of it and some other earlier poems betrays a sense of guilt, bewilderment and remorse. ‘Sin’ is probably the most well-known poem of Forugh Farrokhzad, though it is not one of her best, even in comparison with most of the poems before the period of Rebirth.